Radiologic technologists take x rays and administer nonradioactive materials into patients' bloodstreams for diagnostic purposes.
Radiologic technologists also referred to as radiographers, produce x-ray films (radiographs) of parts of the human body for use in diagnosing medical problems. They prepare patients for radiologic examinations by explaining the procedure, removing jewelry and other articles through which x rays cannot pass, and positioning patients so that the parts of the body can be appropriately radiographed. To prevent unnecessary exposure to radiation, these workers surround the exposed area with radiation protection devices, such as lead shields, or limit the size of the x-ray beam. Radiographers position radiographic equipment at the correct angle and height over the appropriate area of a patient's body. Using instruments similar to a measuring tape, they may measure the thickness of the section to be radiographed and set controls on the x-ray machine to produce radiographs of the appropriate density, detail, and contrast. They place the x-ray film under the part of the patient's body to be examined and make the exposure. They then remove the film and develop it.
Radiologic technologists must follow physicians' orders precisely and conform to regulations concerning the use of radiation to protect themselves, their patients, and their coworkers from unnecessary exposure.
In addition to preparing patients and operating equipment, radiologic technologists keep patient records and adjust and maintain equipment. They also may prepare work schedules, evaluate purchases of equipment, or manage a radiology department.
Experienced radiographers may perform more complex imaging procedures. When performing fluoroscopies, for example, radiographers prepare a solution of contrast medium for the patient to drink, allowing the radiologist (a physician who interprets radiographs) to see soft tissues in the body.
Some radiographers specialize in computed tomography (CT), and are sometimes referred to as CT technologists. CT scans produce a substantial amount of cross-sectional x rays of an area of the body. From those cross-sectional x rays, a three-dimensional image is made. The CT uses ionizing radiation; therefore, it requires the same precautionary measures that radiographers use with other x rays.
Radiographers also can specialize in Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an MR technologist. MR, like CT, produces multiple cross-sectional images to create a 3-dimensional image. Unlike CT, MR uses non-ionizing radio frequency to generate image contrast.
Another common specialty for radiographers specialize in is mammography. Mammographers use low dose x-ray systems to produce images of the breast.
In addition to radiologic technologists, others who conduct diagnostic imaging procedures include cardiovascular technologists and technicians, diagnostic medical sonographers, and nuclear medicine technologists.
Work environment. Physical stamina is important in this occupation because technologists are on their feet for long periods and may lift or turn disabled patients. Technologists work at diagnostic machines but also may perform some procedures at patients' bedsides. Some travel to patients in large vans equipped with sophisticated diagnostic equipment.
Although radiation hazards exist in this occupation, they are minimized by the use of lead aprons, gloves, and other shielding devices, as well as by instruments monitoring exposure to radiation. Technologists wear badges measuring radiation levels in the radiation area, and detailed records are kept on their cumulative lifetime dose.
Most full-time radiologic technologists work about 40 hours a week. They may, however, have evening, weekend, or on-call hours. Opportunities for part-time and shift work also are available.
| 1. | Review and evaluate developed x-rays, video tape, or computer generated information to determine if images are satisfactory for diagnostic purposes. |
| 2. | Use radiation safety measures and protection devices to comply with government regulations and to ensure safety of patients and staff. |
| 3. | Explain procedures and observe patients to ensure safety and comfort during scan. |
| 4. | Operate or oversee operation of radiologic and magnetic imaging equipment to produce images of the body for diagnostic purposes. |
| 5. | Position and immobilize patient on examining table. |
| 6. | Position imaging equipment and adjust controls to set exposure time and distance, according to specification of examination. |
| 7. | Key commands and data into computer to document and specify scan sequences, adjust transmitters and receivers, or photograph certain images. |
| 8. | Monitor video display of area being scanned and adjust density or contrast to improve picture quality. |
| 9. | Monitor patients' conditions and reactions, reporting abnormal signs to physician. |
| 10. | Set up examination rooms, ensuring that all necessary equipment is ready. |
| 11. | Prepare and administer oral or injected contrast media to patients. |
| 12. | Take thorough and accurate patient medical histories. |
| 13. | Remove and process film. |
| 14. | Record, process and maintain patient data and treatment records, and prepare reports. |
| 15. | Coordinate work with clerical personnel or other technologists. |
| 16. | Demonstrate new equipment, procedures, and techniques to staff, and provide technical assistance. |
| 17. | Provide assistance in dressing or changing seriously ill, injured, or disabled patients. |
| 18. | Move ultrasound scanner over patient's body and watch pattern produced on video screen. |
| 19. | Measure thickness of section to be radiographed, using instruments similar to measuring tapes. |
| 20. | Operate fluoroscope to aid physician to view and guide wire or catheter through blood vessels to area of interest. |
| 21. | Assign duties to radiologic staff to maintain patient flows and achieve production goals. |
| 22. | Collaborate with other medical team members, such as physicians and nurses, to conduct angiography or special vascular procedures. |
| 23. | Perform administrative duties such as developing departmental operating budget, coordinating purchases of supplies and equipment and preparing work schedules. |
| 24. | Perform scheduled maintenance and minor emergency repairs on radiographic equipment. |
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